Model animation made using platicine from "The Trap Door"
How to animate using 3d models:
1. Make the models
2. Se the models up in the background and take a still picture
3. Move the models slightly
3. Move models up to 30 times or frames for each second of animation
When this plays back the still images will give the impression of movement
Cels
Cels are sheets of clear plastic which were very popular in animation before computers did a lot of the work. A cel could allow you to put the sheet over a drawing and trace - so not everything had to be drawn from scratch.
The drawings were first made on a sheet of paper and put over a light box to help them look transparent.
Then the drawingts were traced on a cel and the edges inked up (called trace and paint)
The the cel was turned over and the back painted with special paint called acrylic
The cel was then photographed and the process repeated with tiny changes to each drawing on the cell.
When played back, in sequence it would look like it was moving. However, it took up to 30 separate drawings for every second of animation.
from Ben 10 on Cartoon Network
from Tom and Jerry
Persistence of Vision
This where the brain can be tricked into thinking that a series of images played at 1/12 of a second or less in sequence will look like they are moving, rather than a series of still images.